Turkey, Saudi, Pakistan sign defence pact

The trilateral treaty, signed in Istanbul, obliges each signatory to consider an armed attack on any of the other two as an attack on itself.

Military officials highlighted joint‑exercise plans and a shared intelligence framework.

While Saudi Arabia and Pakistan have long maintained strategic ties with Turkey, the agreement marks the first formal security alliance that includes all three powers.

Regional experts warn the pact could deepen rivalries in the Middle East and South‑Asia, especially with Iran watching closely.