Saudi‑Turkey‑Pakistan defence pact reshapes Middle‑East balance

The trilateral treaty, signed on Friday, commits the three states to mutual defence and coordinated military cooperation, including joint exercises and intelligence sharing.

Observers in Jerusalem and Washington interpret the move as an attempt to counterbalance Iran’s growing assertiveness and to fill a vacuum left by reduced U.S. engagement.

The agreement also contains economic‑political clauses aimed at deepening trade and energy collaboration among the signatories.

Regional actors, notably Iran, have issued stark warnings, calling the alliance a threat to stability.