Iran has established a new maritime authority to control vessel passage through the Strait of Hormuz, releasing a map that extends its claimed zone into UAE territorial waters and eliminates international waters in the strait.
Tehran says ships must obtain permission and follow military-approved routes, with 26 vessels transiting in a recent 24-hour period.
More than 1,500 ships from 87 countries are now stranded in the Gulf, according to US Central Command.
The UN's Food and Agriculture Organization has warned the restrictions could trigger a severe global food price crisis, describing the disruption as "a systemic agrifood shock".
Al Jazeera's Lina Abu Akleh explains.
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